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The yellow-browed sparrow (''Ammodramus aurifrons'') is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae. First described by Johann Baptist von Spix in 1825, this American sparrow is found across much of the Amazon basin in South America. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, pastureland, and heavily degraded former forest. ==Taxonomy== When Johann Baptist von Spix first described the yellow-browed sparrow in 1825, he put it in the now-defunct genus ''Tanagra'', believing it to be a tanager.〔 The classification error was soon recognized, and the species was moved first to the genus ''Ammodramus'', then to ''Myospiza''—a genus Robert Ridgway created in 1898 for this and the closely related grassland sparrow.〔 Most taxonomists now subsume ''Myospiza'' into ''Ammodramus''.〔 DNA analysis indicates that the yellow-browed sparrow is a sister species to the grassland sparrow, and that these two species make a sister group with the grasshopper sparrow; these three are genetically distinct from the other ''Ammodramus'' sparrows.〔 The yellow-browed sparrow has four subspecies, which differ primarily in the extent of yellow on the face and the amount of streaking on the upperparts and crown:〔 *''A. a. apurensis'', first described by William Henry Phelps and Ernest Thomas Gilliard in 1941,〔 is found in northeastern Colombia.〔 *''A. a. cherriei'', first described by Frank Chapman in 1914,〔 is found in central Colombia.〔 *''A. a. tenebrosus'', first described by John Todd Zimmer and Phelps in 1949,〔 ranges from southeastern Colombia through southwestern Venezuela into the adjacent areas of Brazil.〔 *''A. a. aurifrons'', described by Spix in 1825,〔 ranges south from southeastern Colombia into central Bolivia and east along the Amazon basin to the Atlantic coast.〔 The yellow-browed sparrow is one of nine sparrows in the genus ''Ammodramus'', a name which means "desert runner" or "desert racer" (from the Greek ''ammos'', meaning "desert" and ''-dromos'', meaning "-racer" or "-runner").〔Jobling (2010), p. 45.〕 The species name ''aurifrons'' is a combination of the Latin words ''auri'', meaning "gold" and ''frons'', meaning "forehead" or "front".〔Jobling (2010), p. 62.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yellow-browed sparrow」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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